{"id":9848,"date":"2022-04-28T16:46:52","date_gmt":"2022-04-28T16:46:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iasnotes.co.in\/?p=9848"},"modified":"2022-04-28T16:58:59","modified_gmt":"2022-04-28T16:58:59","slug":"%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%83%e0%a4%a6%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%a8%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a3-%e0%a4%aa%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%be","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iasnotes.co.in\/%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%83%e0%a4%a6%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%a8%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a3-%e0%a4%aa%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%be\/","title":{"rendered":"\u092e\u0943\u0926\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e (Process of Soil Formation)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_54_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-64fefff31b92d\"><span class=\"\"><span style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-64fefff31b92d\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/iasnotes.co.in\/%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%83%e0%a4%a6%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%a8%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a3-%e0%a4%aa%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%be\/#%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE\" title=\"\u092e\u0943\u0926\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e:\">\u092e\u0943\u0926\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/iasnotes.co.in\/%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%83%e0%a4%a6%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%a8%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a3-%e0%a4%aa%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%be\/#%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%AF\" title=\"\u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f:\">\u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/iasnotes.co.in\/%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%83%e0%a4%a6%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%a8%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a3-%e0%a4%aa%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%be\/#%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%AF\" title=\"\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f\">\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/iasnotes.co.in\/%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%83%e0%a4%a6%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%a8%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a3-%e0%a4%aa%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%be\/#%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%AF\" title=\"\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f:\">\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE\"><\/span>\u092e\u0943\u0926\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091c\u093f\u0928 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0943\u0926\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0935\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f<\/li><li>\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f<\/li><li>\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 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\u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u0921\u093e\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0915\u0923 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u091f\u0941\u0915\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u0942\u0915\u0902\u092a \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092d\u0942\u0938\u094d\u0916\u0932\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092b\u093f\u0938\u0932\u0928 \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928 \u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0916\u0902\u0921\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0930\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0932\u0902\u092c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0924\u0940\u0935\u094d\u0930, \u0924\u0942\u092b\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0935\u0928 \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091f\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u093e \u092f\u093e \u092c\u0939\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0940\u0928, \u0928\u093f\u0932\u0902\u092c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0915 \u0932\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092f\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%AF\"><\/span>\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925-\u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u0924\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 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\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c) \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 (\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(1) <strong><em>\u0918\u094b\u0932-<\/em><\/strong> \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0938\u092e, \u091a\u0942\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0925\u0930 \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u0936\u0947\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0921\u093e\u0907\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0922\u093c \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(2) <strong><em>\u091c\u0932-\u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u0928 (<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">\u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0938\u093f\u0938<\/mark>)-<\/em><\/strong> \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0938\u093f\u0938 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0924\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u0905\u092a\u091a\u092f\u0928 \u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u094b\u0928\u0947\u0936\u0928) \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u094b\u0939\u0947, \u092e\u0948\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0940\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e, \u090f\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, \u0915\u0948\u0932\u094d\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(3) <strong><em>\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923-<\/em><\/strong> \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u091c\u0928 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0927, \u091c\u092c \u091c\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u0941\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u0932\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u091c\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(4) <strong><em>\u0905\u092a\u091a\u092f\u0928-<\/em><\/strong> \u0932\u093e\u0932 \u092b\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 (Fe<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>3<\/sub>) \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947 \u092b\u0947\u0930\u0938 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 (FeO) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u092a\u091a\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u092a\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(5) <strong><em>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u094b\u0928\u0947\u0936\u0928-<\/em><\/strong> \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u094b\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0938\u093f\u0921 (H<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub>) \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0921\u093e\u0907\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 (CO<sub>2<\/sub>) \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0932 (H<sub>2<\/sub>O) \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u094b\u0928\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u094b\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0938\u093f\u0921 \u0915\u0948\u0932\u094d\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e, \u092e\u0948\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0940\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u094b\u0928\u0947\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0907\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u094b\u0928\u0947\u091f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(6) <strong><em>\u091c\u0932\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 (<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">\u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0928<\/mark>)-<\/em><\/strong> \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0923\u0941 \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u0932\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a, \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0932\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u0928\u0930\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%AF\"><\/span>\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0908 \u0938\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0915\u0935\u0915, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u094b\u091c\u094b\u0906, \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0915\u0947\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0908 \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a, \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925-\u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0915\u0947\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0908 \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0915 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0948\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0940\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e (Mg), \u0915\u0948\u0932\u094d\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e (Ca), \u0938\u094b\u0921\u093f\u092f\u092e (Na), \u092a\u094b\u091f\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e (K), \u0932\u094b\u0939\u093e (Fe), \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 (P), \u0938\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0928 (Si), \u090f\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e (Al) \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0915 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0935\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u092a\u0938 \u0906 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(1) \u0906\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0918\u091f\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u0942\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u0942\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092e\u0943\u0924 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u091f\u0939\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u0932\u0915\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u092e\u0943\u0924 \u091c\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(2) \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0932\u092e\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u091c\u094b \u0915\u0942\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092f\u093e \u0924\u093e\u091c\u093e \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0916\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0939\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0921\u093e\u0907\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921, \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940, \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0935\u0923 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u092f\u094c\u0917\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0918\u091f\u093f\u0924 \u092f\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f \u0915\u0942\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u091c\u0902\u0917\u0932, \u0918\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0932\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u0902\u0917\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0947\u0921\u093c \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0942\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u094b\u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0932\u094b\u091c, \u0932\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0932\u0941\u0932\u094b\u091c), \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0935\u0938\u093e, \u0930\u0947\u091c\u093f\u0928, \u092e\u094b\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u0940\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0915\u0942\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0915\u0948\u0932\u094d\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e, \u092e\u0948\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0940\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e, \u0932\u094b\u0939\u093e, \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0917\u0928\u0940\u091c, \u0938\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0928, \u0924\u093e\u0902\u092c\u093e, \u090f\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, \u092a\u094b\u091f\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e, \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator aligncenter is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/iasnotes.co.in\/jal-pradooshan-nivaaran-tatha-niyantran-adhiniyam-1974\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u091c\u0932 (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923) \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e 1974<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/iasnotes.co.in\/%e0%a4%aa%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%83%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%87%e0%a4%82-%e0%a4%96%e0%a4%a8%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%9c-%e0%a4%9a%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 (Mineral Cycle in Nature)<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/iasnotes.co.in\/desert-ecosystems-in-hindi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Desert Ecosystems)<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/iasnotes.co.in\/%e0%a4%9c%e0%a5%88%e0%a4%b5-%e0%a4%ad%e0%a5%82-%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b8%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%a8%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%95-%e0%a4%9a%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u091c\u0948\u0935 \u092d\u0942-\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 (Biogeochemical Cycles)<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/iasnotes.co.in\/%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%a8-%e0%a4%aa%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%b8%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%a5%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%80-%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0935\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Forest Ecosystem)<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1vvKieFcNZXm3x7gbd21yAxHAGdJKBhXd\/view?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0928\u094d\u092f \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u092e\u0943\u0926\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e: \u091c\u093f\u0928 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0943\u0926\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0935\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902- \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0943\u0926\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915, \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u091c\u0947\u0902\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0918\u091f\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a, \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928\u0947\u0902 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0915\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091f\u0942\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0947\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0925 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0947\u0921\u094b\u091c\u0947\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f: \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092f\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0921\u093e\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u091f\u0941\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0930\u0947\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0925 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091f\u0942\u091f <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":9860,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[288],"tags":[669,670,668,667,666],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u092e\u0943\u0926\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e (Process of Soil Formation)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u092e\u0943\u0926\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e- \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f, \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f, \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f\u0964 \u092e\u0943\u0926\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 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